La obesidad un grave problema de Salud Pública

Resumen

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial chronic disease where, several genetic, metabolic, hormonal, social, cultural factors are at work. Their interaction induces a energy intake and expenditure unbalance, originating significant increase in the body fat and weight. In fact a high proportion of adults and relevant of children are already obese in many countries. In this chapter the different classes of obesity are defined, as well as the adequate methods and ranges to be applied in its diagnosis and evaluation. Current mapping of obesity, as well as its negative clinical implications and associations with most prevalent chronic diseases (e.g. Metabolic syndrome) are discussed. According to some estimates the cost of obesity in some countries may represent up to 12% of health cost. The analysis of factors involved in such pandemic origin suggests that rapid and deep social changes have occurred clearly affecting lifestyle and eating habits. Some relevant policies and strategies as the Spanish NAOS born to arrest such growing epidemic are discussed. The analysis of the factors involved in its origin have led to recognize the importance of creating supportive environments for healthier food choices and physical activities in order to guarantee more adequate and healthier lifestyles.