Análisis de la migración venezolana a Colombia durante el gobierno de Hugo Chávez (1999-2011). Identificación de capital social y compensación económica

Resumen

The migratory movements throughout history have been a constant in the development and evolution of peoples, originated under different motivations and interests. All continents of the world have experienced migration either as recipients or senders of people. The coming to power of Mr. President Hugo Chavez in Venezuela involved a rethink on the core issues of the bilateral relations between Venezuela and Colombia, generating new dynamics and situations for both sides of the border. One of these new situations is the case of migration by Venezuelans to different parts of the world. Colombia was not immune to this phenomenon, which must be studied and analyzed carefully, taking into consideration that the Colombia has historically been a source of migration rather than receiver or host. This paper seeks to present the preliminary findings of a research project that pretends to study the forms of association and creation of social capital in Colombian society and the economic impact of this new wave of immigration from Venezuela to Colombia. To address the question and approach certainty and indicative responses, this paper tries to identify concepts, and definitions within a systemic analysis of the migration factor. It is important to emphasize again that the data and analysis given in this article are part of the first stage of the research. The structure of the paper comprises four parts: The first one briefly discusses some concepts, definitions and general aspects of migration and their application on the research. The second part presents preliminary approaches to data and statistics on Venezuelan migration. The third develops the concept of Social Capital, Economic compensation and the mobility of productive factors, applied to the core of research. The fourth part is the validation and evidence of the relevance of the research.