Paradiplomacia Interespacial, Derecho Vitalio y Migración Universal: Un enfoque en Relaciones Interespaciales desde una perspectiva biocosmocéntrica

Resumen

This article analyzes the transition from the traditional concept of space law toward an emerging category within the framework of a universal legal order, with the aim of conceptualizing Vital Right as a normative proposal intended to overcome legal anthropocentrism. This formulation recognizes hypothetical “non-human rational life forms” as potential subjects of rights in interspatial scenarios, guaranteeing their existence and integrity against risks such as enslavement, instrumentalization, or commodification. The proposal examines the limitations of the current regime — including the 1967 Outer Space Treaty — and advances principles, obligations, and prohibitions aimed at the equitable redistribution of universal resources based on criteria of biological rationality and universal justice, thereby preventing the reproduction of colonial models in future cosmic contexts. The research was conducted under a qualitative exploratory-propositive approach, through documentary review and hermeneutic-comparative analysis. It incorporates the category of Universal Migration, understood as the reconfiguration of nationality beyond its exclusively terrestrial anchorage, projecting it toward orbital stations, celestial bodies, and extraplanetary settlements. This dimension integrates migratory, sanitary, and security considerations in scenarios of permanent colonization and sovereign decentralization. The study further articulates Interspatial Paradiplomacy as a decentralized governance practice that expands the participation of non-state actors in contemporary space governance, thereby overcoming the traditional diplomatic monopoly of nation-states.