Los artistas nómadas de los Balcanes. El panorama del arte contemporáneo emergente en los Balcanes y su migración hacia y desde el mundo. Nomad artists of the Balkans. The emerging contemporary art scene in the Balkans and their migration to and from the world

Resumen

Esta comunicacion intentara definir la ciudad como un lugar de interculturalidad, de intercambio de culturas y mas concretamente definira el lugar de los artistas de los Balcanes en la escena artistica internacional, asi como el grado de influencia que tiene el sistema mundial de globalizacion y los efectos directos e indirectos en la produccion artistica de la region. Nos preocupan las dificultades que han retrasado la insercion de esta region europea en el panorama artistico mundial, provocadas por las herencias historicas negativas, la inestabilidad y vulnerabilidad politica, economica, religiosa y cultural, causadas por las guerras y la fragmentacion geografica e ideologica. Partimos de la idea de que los problemas religiosos y etnicos y la gran inestabilidad politica interna, que han surgido despues de la caida del regimen, no han permitido el desarrollo del arte contemporaneo en la zona hasta hace no mucho mas de una decada. Intentaremos comprender la situacion de la escena artistica actual en la region a traves de la mirada de artistas nomadas que exportan la cultura balcanica (hacia el mundo).Por otra parte estos artistas tambien son importadores de culturas diferentes, de modo que se convierten en motor de desarrollo cultural y artistico para los Balcanes (desde el mundo). Nos centraremos en los artistas balcanicos exiliados hacia Europa o Estados Unidos, como Adrian Paci, Nedko Solakov, Mariana Vassileva o Ergin Cavusoglu. La acotacion de los artistas escogidos en el presente estudio es espacial, no para ofrecer algun tipo de division o de estereotipos simplistas, sino para hallar los procesos culturales positivos de busqueda de su propia identidad, pero no ya “balcanica”, sino cosmopolita y universal. Porque no se puede negar la importancia cultural e identitaria que tienen las caracteristicas geoestrategicas de los Balcanes y la mezcla o la hibridacion cultural, tan enriquecedora, que representa el puente entre Europa y Asia, entre Occidente y Oriente… This paper attempts to define the city as an intercultural place, a place of exchange of cultures and more specifically will try to identify where the artists from the Balkans are placed on the international art scene, as well as the degree of influence of the world globalization system and its direct and indirect effects on the Region’s artistic production. We are concerned about the difficulties that have delayed the inclusion of this European region in the world art scene, as a consequence of negative historical legacies, political, economic, religious and cultural instability and vulnerability, as well as wars caused by geographical and ideological fragmentation. We analyze the idea that due to religious and ethnical problems as well as internal political instability that have emerged after the fall of the regime, the development of contemporary art in the area had not started until only about a decade ago. We are trying to understand the situation of the current art scene in the region through the eyes of artists who export nomadic Balkan culture (to the world). Furthermore these artists also import different cultures, so that they become an engine of the cultural and artistic development in the Balkans (from the world). We will focus on the Balkan artists exiled to Europe or the United States, such as Adrian Paci, Nedko Solakov, Mariana Vassileva or Cavusoglu Ergin. The dimension of the artists chosen for this study is spatial, not aiming to offer any kind of division or simplistic stereotypes, but to find positive cultural processes of discovering one’s own identity, however not anymore as Balkan, but as cosmopolitan and universal. Because we could not deny the identity and cultural importance of the geostrategic characteristics of the Balkans as well as the enriching mix of cultural hybridism that represents the bridge between Europe and Asia, between East and West...