Estrategias de agricultura regenerativa para mejorar la salud del suelo

Resumen

Progressive soil degradation, intensified by conventional agricultural practices, represents a critical threat to agrifood sustainability. This study aims to analyze, through a systematic literature review in indexed databases, the most effective regenerative agriculture strategies to restore soil health. Rigorous inclusion criteria were used that prioritized peer-reviewed empirical studies on cover crops, composting and diversified crop rotation. The results show that these practices significantly improve soil structure, fertility, microbial activity and water holding capacity, while enhancing ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and erosion resistance. Functional synergies between these strategies are also identified, especially when they are applied jointly and adapted to the soil and climate context. The analysis concludes that regenerative agriculture is a viable, resilient and ecologically restorative approach, although its effectiveness depends on local factors and sustained implementation, supported by public policies and agronomic innovation.