Estimación de la prevalencia de EPOC en Colombia a partir del Registro Individual de Prestaciones de Servicios de Salud (RIPS)

Resumen

AIM: To estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Colombia, and to analyze care and use of spirometry in the period 2010-2015, based on regis- try data obtained from the Individual Registry of Health Services Delivery (RIPS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the RIPS report, ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th edition) was searched for a diagnosis of COPD in patients over 40 years of age; from these data, the prevalence of disease was estimated and adjusted for age, underreporting, underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. Additionally, we analyzed the fre- quency of emergency and hospitalization visits and the use of spirometry in patients with COPD.RESULTS: During the period 2010 to 2015, 752,020 people with COPD were evaluated in Colombia, 370,278 of which had a confirmed diagnosis. The prevalence adjusted for age, underreporting, underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis was 5.13%. When analyzing the number of contacts with the system, on average, each patient was attended 6 times per year. According to the geographical distri- bution, the departments with the highest prevalence in relation to the patient’s residence were Risaralda, Bogotá, Boyacá, Quindío, Caldas and Antioquia.CONCLUSIONS: The estimated prevalence of COPD obtained from RIPS and adjusted by underreporting, underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis is similar to that reported in other studies evaluating the disease by medical, clinical or epidemiological criteria. Before adjusting, the prevalence is significantly lower than that reported using functional criteria, which is strongly related to the underuti- lization of spirometry in the diagnostic process.