Patrones de migración y características de los inmigrantes en Europa Noroccidental

Resumen

The purpose of this article is to determine to what extent distribution of social security benefits impacts the way resources are allocated to different racial groups in Brazil.First, the authors compare the situation of the adults and older persons of different racial and gender groups.Next, two different methodological approaches are used to measure distribution of social security benefits with reference to race and gender relations.The first approach, based on the life cycle, compares the ratio of benefits received to contributions paid over the life of individuals representative of each of the interest groups.The second approach seeks to compare the contributions paid and the benefits received at a given point in time.The objective, in this case, is to establish how differences in age structure between the groups impinge on transfers between the interest groups in each period.The authors found that existing social security norms in Brazil fulfil three major inter-related roles: they reduce income inequalities between white and black persons of the older population; they ensure that individuals belonging to the black race receive higher financial returns than white ones of the same cohort; and they balance the share of the two racial groups in the social security budget, notwithstanding the fact that the black population has a higher percentage of young people.