Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2: Epidemiología y Emergencia en Salud

Resumen

Diabetes mellitus type (DM2) is a disease of great interest for its epidemiological and public health impact. Since the 1980s cases of DM2 have increased, occupying first place in morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The international Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that by 2012 there were more than 371 million people in the world between the ages of 20 and 79 who suffered from diabetes mellitus (DM). It is a chronic degenerative disease that causes multiple organic damage and severe acute or chronic complications that may culminate in the death of the individual. Diabetes has been written about since 1535 B.C in the Ebers Papyrus where it was described as a disease that caused large amounts of urine and recommendations for control were included. In the second century A.D. Aretaeus of Cappadocia coined the term “diabetes”, adding the term “mellitus” (honey), to refer to the fact that the urine was sweet. Currently the DM is defined as an entity that is presented with hyperglycemia resulting from the lack of adequate production of insulin and/or resistance to it. In turn hyperglycemia causes abnormalities in the metabolism of glucose and lipids. According to its origin and characteristics diabetes is classified into type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and other types. DM2 is the most prevalent worldwide and can be prevented or its| onset delayed if the risk factors are known and there is a change of lifestyle.