SALUD PÚBLICA: un campo de confrontación del paradigma disciplinar y transdisciplinar.

Resumen

Objective. To review and evaluate contradictory conclusions about an approach to the focus of public health from the disciplinary and transdisciplinary paradigm, according to its practical implications and relevance in the educational field. Materials and methods. A systematic review of scientific articles of indexed journals, on the object of study and practice of public health, ontology, and epistemology of disciplinary-transdisciplinary paradigms and the incidence of theories in the field of education. Results. Some articles describe the theoretical foundations of disciplinary and transdisciplinary paradigms, and multi and interdisciplinary relations. The concepts of the object of public health that reflected its polysemy and complexity were obtained, confronting each of the models and disciplinary tendencies. Other articles refer to an existing offer between both standards and the need to update educational ideas to do the things pertinent to current needs. Conclusions. The complexity of public health in the 21st century demands a conceptual update. Researchers can address the focus of a study of public health from transdisciplinarity, due to the methodological limitations of the disciplines. There can be synergism between disciplinary and transdisciplinary models in the production of knowledge. In practice, transdisciplinary theories are difficult; universities have the challenge of leading the transformation process and the introduction of training processes that allow future professionals in public health to find in transdisciplinarity, a tool to strengthen research and knowledge dialogue.