Salud y trabajo docente, elementos teóricos-metodológicos de la investigación al monitoreo epidemiológico

Resumen

We describe theoretical methodology elements designed to evaluate the \nrelationships between work as an educator and pathological processes, based on \nresearch conducted in Argentina (1995-1997) and Ecuador (1996). The proposal \nincludes breaking down the work process into its basic elements, identifying the \nwork "object" or "client", means and tools used, describing work organization and \ndivision and, on the other hand, analyzing these relationships from the \nperspectives of work load, task complexity and responsibilities. \nWe present a method that combines qualitative and quantitative aspects with \nparticipatory methods, based on workshop-style seminars, implicit methods and \ninvolvement of participants in all aspects of data collection. \nTwo indicators are emphasized, school classification by type of risk and suffering, \nbecause of their ability to explain causal relationships and because of their value \nin epidemiological surveillance. \nWhen comparing the various profiles, it is evident that causality is complex and \nforces one to take a non-linear view of the problem that prioritizes those \nprocesses that are linked to the work object, i.e., the student, a subject who is in \na formative stage, and to the context in which the work of educating takes place. \nFinally, we propose a method for conducting epidemiological surveillance that is \nbased on research, implemented in schools, and emanates from worker (or \nunion)-developed projects, and can be applied by the teachers themselves.